Carbureter.



IUNITED STATES PATENT carros',

EDWARD FULLER WILD, F MILWAUKEEpWISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR T0 INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CORPORATION, A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

CARBURETEB.

Specication of 1..etters Patent.

- Patented Oct. 8, 1918.

lippncaaonnldapniit,1914. sem1m.ss'1,9s2.

` To all 'whom it may concern.'

Be it l'fnown that I, EDWARD F. WILD, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee: and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful 1m rovements in Carburete'rs for Internal; ombustion Engines, of whichthe following is a `full, clear, and exact specification.

Tins invention relates to carbureters for internal combustion engines.

In the operation of engines using the heavier' fuelssucl1 as kerosene, it is desirable, for reasons well known, to admit water into the mixture forming the explosive charge.. It is necessary, however, to control 4the supply of ywater so that it will not be admitted to the explosive mixture when the `engine is cold and first started to operate,

and alsowllen the engine is operatingv on light loads. Furthermore, it is necessary to control the supply of Water in amanner such that the water maybe admitted when the load on the engine has attained a certain value. `The control of the supply of watery to the explosive mixture is an important mattei' for the reason, amon others, that the successful and economical; operation of an engine usingvthe heavier fuelsy depends upon the admission of Water atthe proper time and under proper conditions.

It is the primary object of my invention, therefore, to control the supply of Water to an explosive mixturein a manner to render the 'operation' of an internal combustion engine, which is supplied with ,explosive `mixture, `most eflicient and economical.

Another object of this invention is to pro- Vide a simple and compact carbu'reterhaving cooperatingr parts adapted to be actuated in a manner to produce the best results;

These objects are accolnplished by providin r a rarbureter having a mixing cha-mber,-illel, water and air supply means associated therewith, and means for eontrol ling the air supply to'said niixin chamber which also controls the watersupp y` thereto.

The invention is illustrated on the accom-A panyingsheet of drawings, in Which-- Figure 1 is a vert-ical .sectional view of a carbureter embodying my invention; and

Fig. 2 isaffragmentary sectional view of the same taken in the plane of line 2- 2 of drical portion 21 of t e member 15.

g i Various novel features of `my invention B6 will be apparenty from the description 'and drawings, and will be out in the vappended cla1ms. l .My improved carbureter includes a conduitl, having a mixin particularly pointed ,having an annular air space 1 6 communicat- 70 ing with the -air passageway 17, adapted to receive hot 'air from any suitable source through passageway 18, or cold air from any suitable 'sourcethrough paageway19, or

receive yboth at the same time, the supply of '75 hot and cold air being controlled by a valve .2() operatively arran ed within the c 1inixed within-'the air chamber 16 is al gridcomprising a series of supported rings22, sep-V 30 arated a predetermined amount to form openings 23. Adapted to operate within .this grid is a cylindrical valve 24, havingports 25 adapted to register with the air passages ways 23 to permit the flow of air from either a5 vor both of theair passageways 18 or 19`to the mixinoP chamber 11. This valve is provided with a central tubular portion 26 secured to ahollow member 27, through which passes a stem 28, which stem, isA adjustable anni,l

within said hollow `member 27 by means having a threaded engagement therewith, said stem being 'adj usted by means of `a headl 29. Threaded onto the hollow member 2'( is a nut 30, against which a spring 31 presses, .05

said spring also bearing against a projecting portion 32 of the member 15 :for pressing the valve 24 in one direction in opposition Y to the suction created upon each inhalationl stroke of the engine piston." The extent to 10a` which the valve 24 maybe closed can be adjusted by vadjusting screws 424:4 passing through the upper part of member 15 and bearing against the head2@ of said valve.

This valve 24 is operated or controlled by 106 the suction of thel engine to which thev carbureter is attached; that is, upon each inl vhalation stroke of the piston of the engine chamber 11, as soclated with which is a uel supply cup 12,

suitablev design,

Secured ftoQ .which Water may flow the valve 24 is drawn down an amount dependent upon the degreel ot theI suction, permitting the air passageways 23 and the, ports '25 in the valve to register with cach other .to permit a How oi air from the air supply means to the mixing clmmber,

This downward movement of the piston valve is due to the unequal pressures on the valve head 24", due to the fact that the pressure inside the valve and on the underside of the valve head 24.h is less than the atmospheric pressure on the upper side of the valve head. The space above the valve head communicates with the atmosphere through the passage 15a.

As currents ot' air are drawn past said valve 24 into the mixing chamber 11, fuel is also drawn thereinto to form an explosive mixture preparatory to passing into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. lVhen the lighter hydrocar bons, such as gasolene, are used, such gaso lene and air mix in the mixing chamber to form a proper explosive mixture for operating conditions. When relatively heavy fuels are used, such as kerosene, it is also necessary to admit a certain amount of water to the. mixture. The Water, however, is not to be admitted to the explosive mixture when the engine is cold, as in starting or when the engine is Working under light load conditions; but itis desirable for water to be admitted into the explosive mixture when the engine is operating on over 3() per cent. of its rated horse power. It is necessary, therefore, that the water supply means be controlled in some manner such that the Water may be admitted when the load on the engine is increasing from 30 per cent. of its rated horse power, and shut olf when the load on the engine is decreasing from 30 per cent. of its rated horse power. To control the admission of Water most accurately the valve controlling the water supply should be operative in response to the variation' of the suction produced on the inhalation stroke of the piston, which suction is responsive to the load on the engine. To this end applicant has provided a member 35 secured to the side of tlfle'conduit 10, having an arm portion 36 passi] through an opening 37 in said conduit 10, and having a passageway 38 through `from any suitable souree of'water 'supply indicated by the connection 39. This member 35 also has an integrally formed sleeve 40, through which 4passes 'theI stem 41 ofa valve 42,'having a ported-seat 43 through which Water may pass from the passage 38. This valve 42 is normally held against this seat 43 by a. spring 44 which bears against the upper end of sleeve.. 40, and also against a' washer 45' held 0n the upper end of the valve stem 41. This valve stem is in vertical alinement with the adjustable stem 28, which is movable with the valve 24. lith this arrangement it is apparent that upon cach inhalation stroke of the pistou the. suction in drawing the. valve 24 downwardly to permit the admission ot air causes the stem 28 to approach the stem ot valve 42. The stem z8 will not pass `into engagen-ient with the valve stem 41 to open said valve to permit the admission of water into the mixingl chamber l1 until water should be admitted to the mixture, which. is the case when the increasing load on the engine. has reached about 30 per cent. of the rated horse power of the engine. As the load continues to increase the stein 28 presses the" water controlling valve 42 more and more downwardly and away from its seat to admit more. freely the supply of water on cach inhalation stroke of the engine piston. ll'hen the load on the engine decreases to a point below 30 per cent. of the rated` horse power the stem 28 no longer passes into engagement with the stem of valve 42 on each inhalation stroke, thereby permitting said water controlling valve to remain closed to preventa supply of water to the mixing chan'iber. lV ith certa-in other grades of fuel it may be desired to admit and shut off the vater `supply to the explosive mixture at different engine loads. This may be accomplished by adjusting the valve stem 28 with respect to the valve stem 41. This carbureter is provided with the ,usual mixture throttling valve 50.'

ly means of the above described arrangement the supply of water to thc explosive mixture is controlled i accordance with operating comlitions and in a manne-r to render the operation of the engine most efficient and economical to moet commercial requirements.

There may be various modifications of the invention other than herein disclosed, and it ismy intention to cover all such modifications which do not involve ay departure from the spirit and scope ot my invention as set forth in the following claims.

l/Vhat I claim as new is:

1. Ina carbureter for internal combus tion engines, the combination of a mixing chamber, fuel supply means, Water supply means, air supply means, means for controlling the supply of fuel to said chamber, means for controlling the supply of air to said chamber and separate means. for controlling the supply of water thereto, said' supply of Water, said air and wa-ter controlv being relntiveiy frljustabie and Suid Intel control means being controlled by Seid u1 r control "n ienne.

3.x Ln'zl (,:znlmretei' for internal. combustion .erlgilies. thil comliiimtioi'i of a mixing chambcr,.fnel, nir nml walter supply means associated therewith, a valve for controlling the supply of air, n valve vfor col'itrolhng the supply of water, said vulves having portions nornmlly ont of engagement with each other to j'n'eventn supply of waiter and in engagement with euch other under certain operat ingconditions to permit :i Suppl y of air and water to said mixingclmmber, and means for changing ie norn'm] relationship be-` tween Suid Valves.

4. `In a'carbureter for-'internal combustion engines, the combination of ainixing cham ber, an air supply means for said chamber, a

clos dwhen no air isbeing drawn into the mixing chamber, fuel supply means.` independent of said valves, und a Water supply valve operable by the air supply valve after said air supply valve has reached :1 prede termined position.

5. In a. carbureter for internal coi'nlinls 'ion engines, the combination of a mixing Chmnbelr, en air Supplymeuns for Suid chamber, :1 valve for said air supply which may be closed when no air is being drawn into the mixing chamber, fuel supply menne independent of said valves, a wat reapply valve operable by the air supplyy valve after said air supply valve has reaehed a predetermined position, :md'means for adjusting the predeter-mined position at whichthe Water valve -will open.

In testimon i 'whereof I aix In' sifnature `in the presence of two Witnesses.

'Witnessesz Ron'n L. BUEMNG,

L. B. SPERRY.

EDWARD FULLER WILD. 

